遥感影像信息在活动断裂研究中的应用   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

郑文俊  郭华  袁道阳  梁志录 《高原地震》2002,14(2):15-21

遥感图像不仅从宏观上展现了活动断裂与其它活动构造的影像全貌，而且直观地揭示了洗断裂的影像信息，为分析断裂的活动状态及其与地震活动的相关性，为识别地震构造与强震的孕育地段提供了丰富的信息。而遥感技术方法本身的优势，又使得遥感构造研究具有了视域开阔、信息丰富直观、处理方法多样、易于综合分析、获取成果迅速等特点。从直观上讲，活动断裂遥感影像标志主要有色调、构造形态、断层三角面、地貌及水系等几个方面，归纳起来主要是垂直错动标志。从多方面总结了活动断裂在遥感影像上的表现特征和识别标志，并为今后活动断裂以及地震研究中遥感影像信息的应用提出了一些有效方法和途径。  相似文献   

Estimation of colored dissolved organic matter and salinity fields in case 2 waters using SeaWiFS: Examples from Florida Bay and Florida Shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. J. D’Sa  C. Hu  F. E. Muller-Karger  K. L. Carder 《Journal of Earth System Science》2002,111(3):197-207

Estimates of water quality variables such as chlorophylla concentration (Chl), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), or salinity from satellite sensors are of great interest to resource managers monitoring coastal regions such as the Florida Bay and the Florida Shelf. However, accurate estimates of these variables using standard ocean color algorithms have been difficult due to the complex nature of the light field in these environments. In this study, we process SeaWiFS satellite data using two recently developed algorithms; one for atmospheric correction and the other a semianalytic bio-optical algorithm and compare the results with standard SeaWiFS algorithms. Overall, the two algorithms produced more realistic estimates of Chl and CDOM distributions in Florida Shelf and Bay waters. Estimates of surface salinity were obtained from the CDOM absorption field assuming a conservative mixing behavior of these waters. A comparison of SeaWiFS-derived Chl and CDOM absorption with field measurements in the Florida Bay indicated that although well correlated, CDOM was underestimated, while Chl was overestimated. Bottom reflectance appeared to affect these estimates at the shallow central Bay stations during the winter. These results demonstrate the need for new bio-optical algorithms or tuning of the parameters used in the bio-optical algorithm for local conditions encountered in the Bay.  相似文献   

成矿区带(矿田)赋矿遥感模型   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

罗朝舜  赵志芳  许东  李文昌 《云南地质》2004,23(3):378-384

基于10多年云南遥感地质找矿实践,归纳有代表性的成矿区带(矿田)赋矿遥感特征模型,进行成矿预测和评价,具有显著的找矿指导意义。  相似文献   

Investigation on the fine structure of sea-breeze during ESCOMPTE experiment   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

V. Puygrenier  F. Lohou  B. Campistron  F. Saïd  G. Pigeon  B. Bnech  D. Sera 《Atmospheric Research》2005,74(1-4):329-353

Surface and remote-sensing instruments deployed during ESCOMPTE experiment over the Marseille area, along the Mediterranean coast, were used to investigate the fine structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) during sea-breeze circulation in relation to pollutant transport and diffusion. Six sea-breeze events are analyzed with a particular focus on 25 June 2001.Advection of cool and humid marine air over land has a profound influence on the daytime ABL characteristics. This impact decreases rapidly with the inland distance from the sea. Nearby the coast (3 km inland), the mixing height Zi rises up to 750 m and falls down after 15:00 (UT) when the breeze flow reaches its maximum intensity. A more classical evolution of the ABL is observed at only 11-km inland where Zi culminates in the morning and stabilizes in the afternoon at about 1000 m height.Fine inspection of the data revealed an oscillation of the sea-breeze with a period about 2 h 47 min. This feature, clearly discernable for 3 days at least, is present in several atmospheric variables such as wind, temperature, not only at the ground but also aloft in the ABL as observed by sodar/RASS and UHF wind profilers. In particular, the mixing height Zi deduced from UHF profilers observations is affected also by the same periodicity. This pulsated sea-breeze is observed principally above Marseille and, at the northern and eastern shores of the Berre pond.In summary, the periodic intrusion over land of cool marine air modifies the structure of the ABL in the vicinity of the coast from the point of view of stability, turbulent motions and pollutants concentration. An explanation of the source of this pulsated sea-breeze is suggested.  相似文献   

Geometry and growth of an inner rift fault pattern: the Kino Sogo Fault Belt, Turkana Rift (North Kenya)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

William Vtel  Bernard Le Gall  John J. Walsh 《Journal of Structural Geology》2005,27(12):2204-2222

A quantitative analysis is presented of the scaling properties of faults within the exceptionally well-exposed Kino Sogo Fault Belt (KSFB) from the eastern part of the 200-km-wide Turkana rift, Northern Kenya. The KSFB comprises a series of horsts and grabens within an arcuate 40-km-wide zone that dissects Miocene–Pliocene lavas overlying an earlier asymmetric fault block. The fault belt is 150 km long and is bounded to the north and south by transverse (N50°E and N140°E) fault zones. An unusual feature of the fault system is that it accommodates very low strains (<1%) and since it is no older than 3 Ma, it could be characterised by extension rates and strain rates that are as low as 0.1 mm/yr and 10⁻¹⁶ s⁻¹, respectively. Despite its immaturity, the fault system comprises segmented fault arrays with lengths of up to 40 km, with individual fault segments ranging up to 9 km in length. Fault length distributions subscribe to a negative exponential scaling law, as opposed to the power law scaling typical of other fault systems. The relatively long faults and segments are, however, characterised by maximum throws of no more than 100 m, providing displacement/length ratios that are significantly below those of other fault systems. The under-displaced nature of the fault system is attributed to early stage rapid fault propagation possibly arising from reactivation of earlier underlying basement fabrics/faults or magmatic-related fractures. Combined with the structural control exercised by pre-existing transverse structures, the KSFB demonstrates the strong influence of older structures on rift fault system growth and the relatively rapid development of under-displaced fault geometries at low strains.  相似文献   

应用MODIS卫星遥感资料进行地震预测的初步研究     

林世敏  刘放 《福建地震》2005,(4)

利用MODIS卫星遥感资料的亮温异常变化信息应用于地震预测研究,虽然目前还处于探索研究阶段,但根据该资料在台湾地区几次中强地震前的异常信息分析认为,其亮温异常信息可作为台湾地区中强地震前的一种较可靠、有效的短临预测方法。其基本原理是构造块体在破裂或错动前,因地壳岩石受挤压时应力应变的增强而引起了震源区及其周边区域的异常增温现象。  相似文献   

Nutrient processes and chlorophyll in the estuaries and plume of the Gulf of Papua     

Peter Davies 《Continental Shelf Research》2004,24(19):2317-2341

This paper investigates the waters of the Gulf of Papua during three cruises of the TROPICS (Tropical River Ocean Processes In Coastal Settings) programme. Plume characteristics were investigated during Leg 1 (May 1997), and estuarine properties during Leg 5a (September 1997) and Leg 7 (January 1999). During Leg 1 the plume was apparent as a well mixed layer up to 30 m deep extending offshore to a distance of 150 km off the Fly River. Lowest salinities were found off the Taruma Delta. Highest chlorophyll concentrations were found at the inner plume close to the river mouth. Dissolved phosphate and nitrate are removed in this zone, whereas silicate behaves conservatively. Primary productivity within the plume appears to rely upon recycled nutrients, with organic fractions representing the majority of the nutrient pool. In the estuaries nutrients were found to behave differently during the monsoon than during the low flow of the extremely dry conditions associated with the 1997 El Niño event. Normally the Fly is characterised by remineralisation of organic nitrogen in the upper estuary, but during drought conditions DON production and NH₄⁺ uptake suggest that bacterial activity is more prevalent. Ocean Colour and Temperature Scanner imagery shows a number of features of the plume, but generally overestimates chlorophyll concentrations due to the effects of high suspended sediment concentrations and, to a lesser extent, coloured dissolved organic matter.  相似文献   

遥感技术在城市可持续发展中的应用     

王德利  陈铁军 《城市地质》2004,16(1):26-29,25

人口、资源、环境是可持续发展中的重大问题 ,遥感技术作为影像和数字相结合的综合性探测技术 ,是调查、监测和分析这一重大问题的有力手段之一。本文根据遥感技术的发展现状和趋势 ,结合首都可持续发展中的环境与资源问题 ,介绍遥感技术在城市可持续发展中的应用领域。  相似文献   

基于RS的龙羊峡库区悬浮泥沙分布研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

黄华兵  马海州  沙占江  曹广超  欧立业  杨海镇 《盐湖研究》2004,12(4):34-37,57

依据含沙水体的光谱特性,在可见光的任一波段内,水体中的含沙量与水面光谱反射率成正相关关系。研究表明TM2和TM3波段能够较好的反映水体悬浮泥沙的含量,并且TM2+TM3能使水体泥沙含量差异更显著。据此以龙羊峡库区为例,通过对该区两个时相的TM影像进行水体提取、二值化、掩膜、密度分割等处理,提出了一种悬浮泥沙分布的方法。经过对比分析表明该方法可以充分利用TM数据,在缺乏足够实测数据的情况下,可以有效、快捷地得到层次丰富的泥沙分布图。  相似文献   

遥感影像解译的研究现状和发展趋势   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

杨桄  刘湘南 《国土资源遥感》2004,15(2):7-10,15

回顾了遥感影像解译的发展概况,分析了各种影像解译方法的研究现状和特点,并在此基础上对遥感影像智能解译的发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献